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Fall and destruction of the Ottoman Empire, the Sultanate, and the Caliphate (18:33) During Baha'u'llah's lifetime, Persia was under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, whose capital was Constantinople. At the instigation of the Persian government, the Ottoman rulers exiled Baha'u'llah four times, without cause, without even investigating the false accusations made against Him. The tyrannical Sultan Abdu'l-'Aziz issued three of the four decrees exiling Baha'u'llah, subjecting Him and His Faith to great cruelty and suffering. At that time, the Ottoman Empire had reached its sixth century. The sultan ruled the Ottoman Empire through the institution of the Sultanate, and the Faith of Islam through the Caliphate.
(18:34)
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