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Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans Titus, in A.D. 70, and the Jews were scattered and exiled. The Jews tried to regain their freedom in A.D. 132 under Bar Cochba, but they were crushed by the armies of the Roman Emperor Hadrian. This time Jerusalem was devastated even more completely than it had been by Titus. The site of the city was ploughed under and a new city, named in honour of Hadrian, was built upon the ruins.
(12:4)
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